16 Tense Gramar

PRESENT TENSE

The Positive Pattern :
S + Verb 1 (s/es)……………………………..present
S + KK 1 (s/es)…………………………………hari ini,setiap hari
Exp :
I Study English everyday
You are the best today
The Negative Pattern :
S + don’t/doesn’t + Verb 1…………………..everyday/today
S + tidak + KK 1……………………………….hari ini,setiap hari
Exp :
I don’t like Monday
He doesn’t eat rice every day
The interrogative pattern :
Do/Does + S + Verb 1…………………………everyday/today
Do/Does + S + KK 1……………………………hari ini,setiap hari
Exp :
Do Terry make a cake today?
The QW pattern :
QW + Do/does + S + Verb 1………………….Everyday/today?
QW + Do/does + S + KK 1…………………….hari ini,setiap hari
Exp :
What do you do today?

PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE

Positive Pattern
S + am/is/are + Verb-ing…………………………………now
S + sedang + KK-ing……………………………………sekarang
Exp :
1. I am studying English now.
2. You are singing now.
The Negative Pattern
S + am/is/are + Not + Verb-ing…………………………now
S + tidak sedang + KK-ing………………………………sekarang
Exp :
1. I am not studying English now
2. You aren’t singing now
The Interrogative Pattern
Am/Is/Are + S + Verb-ing………………………………now?
Apakah + S + sedang + KK-ing…………………………sekarang?
Exp :
1. Are you studying English now ? Yes, I am / No, I am not
2. Is he singing now? Yes, he is / No, he is not
Question-word Pattern
QW + Am/Is/Are + S + Verb-ing………………………now?
QW + yang + S + KK-ing……………………………….sekarang?
Exp :
1. What are you doing now ? Reading
2. Where is he singing now ? at Inul Vista

PRESENT FUTURE TENSE

The positive pattern :
S + will/shall + Verb 1………………..tomorrow
S + akan + KK 1………………………masa akan datang
Exp :
1. Budi will visit Solo Next week.
2. Mrs. Diandra will play chess tomorrow.
The negative pattern :
S + won’t/shan’t + Verb 1………………..tomorrow
S + tidak akan + KK 1…………………….masa akan datang
Exp :
1. Budi won’t visit Solo Next week.
2. Mrs. Diandra won’t play chess tomorrow.
The interrogative pattern :
Will/Shall + S + Verb 1…………………..tomorrow ?
Apakah + S + akan + KK 1………………masa akan datang?
Exp :
1. Will John visit Solo next week? Yes, He will/No,he won’t.
2. Will Mrs. Diandra play chess tomorrow? Yes, She will/No, she won’t
The QW pattern :
QW + will/shall + S + Verb 1……………tomorrow ?
QW + yang + S + akan + KK 1…………masa akan datang?
Exp :
1. when will Budi visit Solo? next week
2. who will visit Solo next week? Budi will
Bentuk lain =
The pattern :
S + am/is/are + going to + Verb 1………………………………
S +am/is/are + not + going to + Verb 1……………………….
am/is/are + S + going to + Verb 1……………………………..?
QW + am/is/are + S + going to + Verb 1……………………..?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

The pattern :
S + have/has + verb 3……………………….etc
S + haven’t/hasn’t + Verb 3…………….….etc
Have/has + S + verb 3………………….. ….etc?
QW + have/has + S + verb 3………………..etc?
Exp :
Do you know about Budi ? He’s gone to Solo.
Don’t forget to do home work, will you? I’ve already done it.
Have you eaten a lot, Nora?
This is the first time she has driven a motor cycle.

PAST TENSE

The Positive Pattern :
S + Verb 2…………………………………yesterday/last/past
S + KK 2…………………………………..masa lampau
Exp :
1. I ate pizza yesterday
2. You drank coffee last night
The Interrogative Pattern :
Did + S + Verb 1………………………….yesterday/last/past?
Apakah + S + KK 1………………………..masa lampau?
Exp :
1. Did Budi see a snake at his office yesterday ? Yes, he did/No, he didn’t
2. Did you study English here last week ? Yes, I did/ No, I didn’t
The Question-word Pattern :
Qw + did + S + Verb 1………………………….yesterday/last/past?
Qw + yang + S + KK 1…………………………..masa lampau?
Exp :
1. What did Budi see at his office yesterday ? a snake
2. When did Budi see a snake at his office ? yesterday
QW + Verb 2………………………….yesterday/last/past? S + did
QW + KK 2…………………………….?
Exp :
1. Who saw a snake at Budi’s office yesterday ? Budi did
2. What grew in the rice-field last month? hundreds of snake did

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + was/were + verb-ing……………..When + s + Verb 2……………
S + was/were + not + verb-ing……………..When + s + Verb 2…….
Was/were + S + verb-ing……………..When + s + Verb 2……………?
QW + was/were + S + verb-ing……………..When + s + Verb 2…….?
Exp :
(+) She was cooking rice when Tom came yesterday
(-) She wasn’t cooking rice when Tom came yesterday
(?) Was she cooking rice when Tom came yesterday?

PAST PERFECT TENSE

The pattern :
S + had + verb 3………………….when/before S + V2
S + hadn’t + Verb 3………………when/before S + V2
Had + S + verb 3………………….when/before S + V2 ?
QW + had + S + verb 3………….when/before S + V2 ?
Exp :
When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home
When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my flat and had stolen

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + have/has + been + verb-ing………………..etc
S + haven’t/hasn’t + been + verb-ing………….etc
Have/has + S + been + verb-ing………………..etc ?
QW + have/has + S + been + verb-ing………..etc ?
Exp :
The students have been reading since this morning
The students haven’t been reading since this morning
Have the students been reading since this morning ?

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + had been + verb-ing……………………when S + V2
S + hadn’t been + verb-ing…………………when S + V2
Had + S + been + verb-ing…………………when S + V2?
QW + had + S + been + verb-ing………….when S + V2?
Exp :
(+) Budi had been doing the homework when I came yesterday
(-) Budi hadn’t been doing the homework when I came yesterday
(?) Had Budi been doing the homework when I came yesterday ?

PRESENT FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + will be + Verb-ing + O + at………………o’clock
S + won’t be + Verb-ing + O + at…………..o’clock
Will + S + be + Verb-ing + O + at………….o’clock ?
QW + will + S + be + Verb-ing……………….o’clock ?
Exp :
(+) Budi will be going to school at six o’clock tomorrow morning
(-) Budi won’t be going to school at six o’clock tomorrow morning
(?) Will Budi be going to school at six o’clock tomorrow morning ?

PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

The Pattern :
S + will have + verb 3 +………………….by the end……….
S + won’t have + Verb 3 +……………….by the end……….
Will + S + have + Verb 3 +………………by the end……….?
QW + will + S + have +Verb 3 +………..by the end……….?
Exp :
(+) I will have arrived in Surabaya tomorrow afternoon
(-) I won’t have arrived in Surabaya tomorrow afternoon
(?) Will you have arrived in Malang tomorrow afternoon ?

PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + will have been + verb-ing…………since……..
S + won’t have been + verb-ing……….since……..
Will + S + have been + verb-ing………since……..?
QW + will + S + have been + verb-ing………since……..?
Exp :
(+) Budi will have been studying english since this morning
(-) Budi won’t have been studying english since this morning
(?) Will Budi have been studying english since this morning ?

PAST FUTURE TENSE

The Pattern :
S + would + Verb 1…IF + S + verb 2………..etc
S + wouldn’t + verb 1…+ object……………..etc
Would + S + verb 1…+ object……………….etc ?
Exp :
Budi would come if you invited him
Siska would travel if she had more money

PAST FUTURE CINTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + would be + Verb-ing…..when S + verb 2………….etc
S + wouldn’t + be + Verb-ing…..when S + verb 2……etc
Would + S + be + Verb-ing…..when S + verb 2………etc?
Exp :
(+) Father would be going home when we came
(-) Father wouldn’t be going home when we came
(?) Would Father be going home when we came ?

PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

The Pattern :
S + would have + verb 3…..IF + S + had + verb 3……
S + wouldn’t have + verb 3……..object…….etc
Would + S + have + verb 3………object…….etc ?
Exp :
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono would have become a Indonesia presiden if his party, Demokrat, had won in general election

PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Pattern :
S + would have + been + verb-ing……..IF + S + had + verb 3………
S + wouldn’t have been + verb-ing……..object………etc
Would + S + have been + verb-ing……..object……….etc ?
Exp :
The meeting would have been starting since this morning if the General Manager had come on time.